Effects of Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy on Glycemic Control in Diabetic Patients under Systemic Administration of Antidiabetic Ayurvedic Drug

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to monitor the metabolic response of nonsurgical periodontal therapy in type-2 diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis under systemic administration of antidiabetic ayurvedic drug. Materials and methods: About 90 newly diagnosed mild-to-moderate forms of type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM) subjects with generalized chronic periodontitis were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were randomly divided into group A and group B with 45 patients in each group. Clinical parameters, including plaque index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and glycemic status, were assessed at baseline. Following initial periodontal clinical examination, the drug Nishamalaki (NA) 2 gm twice daily for 3 months was prescribed after food by an Ayurvedic physician to all the patients enrolled in group A and group B, and scaling and root planing were completed only for group B patients. Patients were recalled for review, and all the parameters were reassessed at the end of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd months following interventions. Results: Regarding clinical and metabolic parameters at baseline, no statistically significant differences were displayed between the two groups. However, at the 3-months follow-up period, the patients in group B demonstrated significantly better clinical and metabolic outcomes than patients in group A. Conclusion: Periodontal therapy improved glycemic control in patients with type-2 DM in both groups; however, the reduction in FBS values reached statistical significance only in the group receiving scaling and root planing alone. Clinical significance: Nonsurgical periodontal therapy may have a beneficial effect on the periodontal clinical and glycemic levels in type-2 diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis.