Penelusuran Pustaka Potensi Tanaman Saga (Abrus precatorius .L) sebagai Antimikroba Patogen pada Sistem Pencernaan

Abstract

Abstract. Digestive system disease is a disease that has a fairly high prevalence in Indonesia. The most common digestive system pathogens found are Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, and Candida albicans. Saga plant (Abrus precatorius L.) is a plant commonly found throughout the world, including in Indonesia. Saga plants can grow in forests, fields, and in the yard of the house. Saga plants are reported to contain secondary metabolites that had antimicrobial effects. Antimicrobials are substances that can inhibit / kill microbes. Secondary metabolites that are thought to provide antimicrobial activity in saga plants are tannins, phenolics, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and steroids. Based on the content of secondary metabolites in the saga plant, a literature search was carried out for the minimum inhibitory concentration of the saga plant part against digestive system pathogenic microbes. Based on literature searches, several studies have shown that the roots, leaves, and seeds are able to inhibit the growth of digestive system pathogenic microbes. Abstrak. Penyakit saluran cerna merupakan penyakit yang memiliki prevalensi yang cukup tinggi di Indonesia. Mikroba patogen penyebab sistem pencernaan yang umum ditemukan adalah Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, dan Candida albicans. Tanaman saga (Abrus precatorius L.) merupakan tanaman yang umum ditemukan di seluruh dunia termasuk di Indonesia. Tanaman saga mampu tumbuh di hutan, ladang, dan di pekarangan rumah. Tanaman saga dilansir memiliki kandungan metabolit sekunder yang mampu berfungsi sebagai antimikroba. Antimikroba merupakan zat yang mampu menghambat/membunuh mikroba. Metabolit sekunder yang diduga memberikan aktivitas antimikroba pada tanaman saga adalah golongan tanin, fenolik, saponin, alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, dan steroid. Berdasarkan kandungan metabolit sekunder pada tanaman saga, dilakukan penelusuran pustaka konsentrasi hambat minimum dari bagian tanaman saga terhadap mikroba patogen saluran cerna. Berdasarkan penelusuran pustaka, beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bagian akar, daun, dan biji mampu menghambat pertumbuhan mikroba patogen saluran cerna.