Digital precision farming technologies

Abstract

A systematic approach to the use of digital technologies in precision farming is proposed. The scientifically grounded transition to digitalization of production processes in crop production includes two stages. The first is the formation of comprehensive data on terrestrial and space factors in the production of agroecosystems. The natural potential of the Northern Trans-Urals (1.6 - 2.2) has been established, which indicates satisfactory soil and climatic conditions for growing crops. The biopotential of agrocenoses was calculated for photosynthetic active radiation (PAR). The potential yield of spring wheat is 13.75 t / ha. In long-term experiments (1977-2020), the really possible crop yield was determined. The mathematical model of the formation of soil fertility parameters shows the intensity of growth or decline in the productivity of agrocenoses. At the second stage, in order to optimize life-supporting factors, innovative technologies for growing crops using space systems are being developed. The practical implementation of digital technologies begins with the digitization of fields, monitoring of soil fertility in elementary areas with reference to geographic coordinates. The use of precise technologies for sowing, differentiated application of fertilizers, pesticides, and yield mapping made it possible to reduce the cost of grain by 140 rubles / c and increase the profitability of its production by 24%.