Antimicrobial properties of laser treatment in periodontal therapy

Abstract

Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease with complex inflammatory responses caused by the disruption of normal homeostatic processes by oral bacteria in the periodontal tissue. In periodontal therapy, the clinical-microbiological properties of the laser therapy may positively affect wound healing. This study involves extensive literature review to examine the antimicrobial impact of laser therapy on the progression of post-treatment periodontal tissue responses. The literature we reviewed was searched and compiled from Pub Med using the following terms: antimicrobial properties, laser technology, periodontal therapy, periodontitis, laser therapy, and periodontal wound healing. As per the literature review, the laser treatment exhibits antimicrobial activity, indicated by the decrease in biofilm formation and enhanced wound healing of the periodontal tissue. Laser technology is a recent approach employed for the management of periodontal disease. Various wavelengths are effective and have antibacterial effect. The comparison of different lasers and their effects on the periodontal tissue is difficult because of the availability of a wide range of treatment protocols for using laser.