Morpho-agronomic performances of rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces under organic cultivation of SRI method

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the performances of morpho-agronomic characters of rice landraces in developing new varieties that are adaptable to climate change and suitable for the organic SRI method. Sixteen genotypes of the selected local rice were treated to evaluate the phenotypes under the organic cultivation method. The observed rice landraces showed a phenotypic variation in morpho-agronomic performances. Among them was the plant height, leaves length, leaves width, number of tillers, productive panicles, heading date, panicles length, filled grains per spike, empty grains per spike, 1000 grains weight and grain yield potential, which were clearly affected by the genotypes. Sigupai showed the tallest genotype, while Pade Mas showed the shortest genotype with the highest numbers of the filled grains and the grains yield potential. Rom Mokot had higher numbers of the filled grains and the grain yield potential compared to Sigupai. It was found that Ciherang had the shortest and the narrowest leaf with the lowest grain yield potential, while the genotypes of Salah Mayang Ru showed the tallest leaf and higher grain yield potential compared to Ciherang. The genotype of Sikuneng had the lowest number of tillers, but it had the highest productive panicles with moderate grain yield potential. The shortest period of flowering found was for the Ciherang variety. Meanwhile, the Sikuneng produced flower at the longest period for heading. Hence, the results of this discovery are expected to provide an improved sustainability of intensified systems for rice breeding of crop resistance to environmental stress in the future.