Reactive oxygen metabolite production induced by asbestos and glass fibers: Effect of fiber milling

Abstract

Particle stimulated chemiluminescence (CL) production by human polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) has been utilized to evaluate the pathogenicity of mineral and glass fibers with the understanding that reactive oxygen metabolites (ROM) production as measured by CL is etiopathogenically related to fiber toxicity. In the present study to investigate the specific pathogenic role of fiber number and dimensions, CL production from PMN exposed to anthophyllite asbestos mineral and glass fiber samples milled for different time periods was measured. Almost all the fibrous particles in the glass fiber sample were destroyed after milling for 30 minutes. With anthophyllite, the total number of fibrous particles remained almost constant for up to 240 minutes of milling, although the size of fibrous particles was reduced. CL produced by the same mass of glass fiber was elevated after milling for 15 minutes, but then declined when the milling time was further increased. Similarly, with anthophyllite, the production of CL was elevated at the first period of milling for 30 minutes, but then declined at the longer milling times. The level of CL produced was not correlated to the total number of fibrous particles, for both the glass fiber and the anthophyllite samples. Likewise for the glass fiber and anthophyllite samples, no specific range of fiber dimension was correlated to the peak hight CL production. These findings indicate that neither the total number, nor the specific range of fiber dimension solely determines CL production. As a consequence, it may be concluded that other physiochemical factors, such as the surface reactive characteristics of milled fibers, may be more closely related to CL production by PMN.