High pressure liquid chromatographic determination of aflatoxins in corn.

Abstract

A high pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method is proposed for determining aflatoxins in corn. The sample is extracted with methanol-10% NaCl (4 + 1), pigments are precipitated with zinc acetate, and the extract is cleaned up on a small (2 g) silica gel column. Aflatoxins in the purified extract are resolved by normal phase HPLC on a microparticulate (10 micrometer) silica gel column with water-saturated chloroform-cyclohexane, acetonitrile solvent, and detected by fluorescence on a silica gel-packed flowcell. The method was compared with chloroform-water extraction of the official CB method on 15 samples of contaminated corn. In 5 of the 6 samples containing aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2, methanol-10% NaCl extracted more aflatoxin than did cloroform-water, as measured both by HPLC and by thin layer chromatography. In samples containing only B1 and B2, the 2 extraction solvents were virtually equivalent. Agreement was good between HPLC and TLC for each extraction solvent. Average recovery of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 added to yellow cornmeal at 3 levels was greater than 90%.