Comparative Analysis of Phytochemical and Antioxidative Properties of Different Solvent Extracts of Codium tomentosum Stackhouse for Therapeutic Application

Abstract

Seaweeds are a phenomenal source of bioactive components in marine environments yet to be explored extensively. The study focused on estimating and identifying phytochemical components, secondary metabolites, and antioxidant efficiency of edible green seaweed Codium tomentosum (Chlorophyta). Qualitative phytochemical analysis of five solvent extracts revealed the presence of Phenol, Flavonoids, Terpenoids, Alkaloids, Tannins, Steroids, Carbohydrates, Glycosides, Amino acids and Proteins. Total phenol content (TPC) equivalent to GAE of five extracts estimated shown highest in chloroform and lowest in methanol - CE (194.53 ± 0.008 mg GAE/g) and ME (138.97 ± 0.007mg GAE/g). Total flavonoid content (TFC) quercetin equivalent (QE) was reported lowest in aqueous extract AE (59.982 ± 0.024 mg QE/g) and highest in chloroform – CE (213.07± 0.014 mg QE/g). The secondary metabolites profile of methanol extract analyzed by GC-MS revealed prominent components, Hexadecanoic acid, Flavones, Oleic acid, Dodecanoic acid, Pentadeconoic acid, and phenol derivative having a spectrum of bioactivity. In vitro, the Antioxidant activity of the five solvent extracts of Codium tomentosum was confirmed by DPPH and ABTS methods. It is evident from the present investigation that the edible green seaweed Codium tomentosum Stack House is a promising source of bioactive components that could be further explored for antimicrobial, anticancer, and antibiofilm properties through green synthesis of nanoparticles for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications. Keywords: Codium tomentosum, phytochemical, GC-MS, anti-oxidative, edible seaweed