In Vitro Inhibition Against Angiotensin Converting Enzyme by Sonchus arvensis Water Extract and Fractions as Antihypertension

Abstract

Hypertension is a condition in which a person has an elevating in blood pressure above normal, resulting in an increasing in morbidity and mortality. One mechanism of treating hypertension is by inhibiting the formation of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). Sonchus arvensis, known as tempuyung, widely used in treating various diseases, such as diuretic, anti-inflammatory, and antihypertensive The purpose of this study was to test the in vitro inhibition of single extracts, namely polar layer BuOH, semipolar layer CH2Cl2, and nonpolar layer n-hexane of the tempuyung leaves toward ACE activity and compare their activity with a synthetic drugs (captopril). The sample were percolated in water, partitioned, and gave three layers. The polar BuOH layer exhibited the highest inhibition percentage of 45%, followed by CH2Cl2 layer with 42%, and n-hexane layer by 39%, while the captopril showed inhibition of 48%. The BuOH layer is potential to be developed for antihypertensive drug through the ACE inhibition mechanism, as indicated by the close to captopril inhibitory capacity in vitro.