Early Detection of Failing Lead-Acid Automotive Batteries Using the Detrended Cross-Correlation Analysis Coefficient

Abstract

This work introduces a model for lead-acid battery health monitoring in automobiles, focusing on detecting degradation before complete failure. With the proliferation of electronic modules and increasing power demands in vehicles, along with enhanced sensor data availability, this study aims to investigate battery lifespan. Dead batteries often lead to customer dissatisfaction and additional expenses due to inadequate diagnosis. This study seeks to enhance predictive diagnostics and provide drivers with timely warnings about battery health. The proposed method employs the Detrended Cross-Correlation Analysis Coefficient for end-of-life detection by analyzing the cross-correlation of voltage signals from batteries in different states of health. The results demonstrate that batteries with a good state of health exhibit a coefficient consistently within the statistically significant cross-correlation zone across all time scales, indicating a strong correlation with reference batteries over extended time scales. In contrast, batteries with a deteriorated state of health compute a coefficient below 0.3, often falling within the non-significant cross-correlation zone, confirming a clear decline in correlation. The method effectively distinguishes batteries nearing the end of their useful life, offering a low-computational-cost alternative for real-time battery monitoring in automotive applications.