Aspectos generales del virus de la encefalitis equina venezolana (VEEV)

  • Vargas D
  • Jaime C J
  • Vera V
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Abstract

Titulo en ingles: Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus(VEEV): A Review.RESUMEN:  ElvirusdelaEncefalitisEquinaVenezolana(VEEV)pertenecealosAlphavirus.Estransmitidopormosqui- tosyesunaenfermedad emergenteenequinos,humanosyanimalessilvestres.Desdecomienzosdelsiglo 20sehanpresentadobrotesdelaenfermedadasociadosa sintomatologíaneurológicatantoenequinos comoenhumanos.Estevirusseclasificaen6subtiposantigénicoscadaunoconvariedades.Lossubtipos antigénicosIAByICsonlosresponsablesdelasprincipalesepizoótioas.Elorigendelasepidemiasseha asociadoprimeroalempleodevacunasinactivadasinadecuadamenteysegundo,porlaevolucióndecepas enzoóticascercanasalasepizoóticas comoelsubtipoID.Esteúltimo,circulaenelbosquehúmedo tropicaldelafronteraColombo-venezolana.Porloanterior,lasmedidasdeprevenciónenestazonasehan fundamentadoenelcontroldevectores,controldelamovilizaciónenlafronteraylavacunación.Palabrasclave:Alphavirus,equinos,epizoótico,enzoótico,Mosquitos.SUMMARY:  Venezuelanequineencephalitis(VEE)belongstotheAlphavirusofthenewworld.Thisvirusisconsidered anemergingdiseaseinequines,humansandotherswildanimals,thatistransmittedbetweenvertebrate hostsbyinfectedmosquitoes.Sporadic outbreaksoccurredfrom thebeggingofthe20thcentury caused neurologicalsyndromeinequinesand humans.VEEcomplexalphavirusare classifiedintosixdistinct antigenicsubtypeseachwithvarieties.TheantigenicsubtypesIABandIC,havebeenresponsibleforall epizootics.TherearetwomainhypothesesfortheoriginofepizooticVEEviruses:First,useofinadequately inactivatedvaccinesusingepizooticVEEIABvirusandsecond,evolutionfromcloselyrelatedenzooticVEE strainslikesubtypeIDstrains.ThisenzooticsubtypecirculatesintropicallowlandforestbetweenColombia andVenezuela.Theircirculatingandoutbreaksepidemicsneedscontrolmeasure,likevectorscontrol, mobilizationbetweenborders,andvaccinationwithsafeandeffectivevaccines.Keywords:Alphavirus,equines,enzootic,epizootic,mosquitoes.

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Vargas, D. S., Jaime C, J., & Vera, V. J. (2009). Aspectos generales del virus de la encefalitis equina venezolana (VEEV). Orinoquia, 13(1), 58–66. https://doi.org/10.22579/20112629.236

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