Tunable terahertz multi-functional hybrid-patterned metasurface arrays based on vanadium dioxide

Abstract

This study investigates a nine-layer multi-functional periodic array with active broadband tuning in the terahertz (THz) band. The device comprises symmetrical vanadium dioxide (VO 2 ) films and polypropylene (PP) layers, along with silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) layers, hybrid-patterned metasurfaces, and a central VO 2 layer. Through detailed analyses of the electric field distribution, equivalent circuit, and effective impedance, we have performed a thorough investigation of the resonance modes present in the device and meticulously optimized various parameters. Leveraging the insulator-to-metal transition of VO 2 , a remarkable device capable of seamlessly switching between extraordinary terahertz transmission and bi-directional perfect absorption was obtained. These characters exhibit limited susceptibility to incident angle of the incoming wave. By incorporating bow-tie apertures within the “vacuum region” of the hybrid-patterned metasurfaces, a significant improvement in field enhancement has been achieved, all while effectively eliminating any adverse effects on transmission and absorption performance. This device presents a novel and effective approach in the development of adjustable and multifunctional THz metasurface devices.