Childhood Health Risks and Vulnerabilities Associated with Climate Change in the Philippines: Basis for Child Health Vulnerability Framework

Abstract

Rising temperatures and intensifying storms have characterized the past decade in Iligan City, Philippines, demonstrably increasing the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events. This poses a growing threat to children's health and well-being. To gain an in-depth understanding of local experiences, a qualitative study was employed using purposive sampling of 15 parents and barangay health workers. Extreme heat, heavy rain, flooding and landslides were identified as the most frequent climate-related disasters, leading to injuries, displacement, and outbreaks of waterborne diseases among children. Vulnerabilities stem from living in flood-prone areas, children's underdeveloped immune systems, and existing health issues, amplifying their risks. The proposed framework emphasizes early warning systems and climate-resilient infrastructure (e.g., flood protection measures) to address geographic vulnerabilities. It also incorporates nutrition programs, child-friendly health services, and Mental Health and Psychosocial Support (MHPSS) to tackle children's physical and mental health needs. By implementing these interventions based on local needs and vulnerabilities identified in this study, the Local Government Unit (LGU) can effectively mitigate the impact of climate change on children's health in Iligan City.