Treinamento aeróbio não altera pressão arterial de mulheres menopausadas e com síndrome metabólica

Abstract

Adults' lifestyles are an educational system's report card. Educational policy makers continually seek ways to increase the effectiveness of the educational process and to ensure that formal schooling will have a positive and creative effect on the student's life as an adult. Music educators have been keenly aware of the importance of carryover of learning, yet despite considerable study, little is known about the degree to which school musical experiences influence adult participation. Indeed, earlier research has focused on dropouts, forcing music educators to assess their work through the eyes of those who no longer avail themselves of it. The purpose of this dissertation was to study adults currently performing in community choirs, in order to identify the school-related determinants of carryover behavior, and to identify the commonalities and differences among the experiences they have with respect to gender, age, and size of school. The study was based on surveys and interviews of members of community choirs from three Oregon cities. A total of 244 singers were surveyed, and 40 selected for personal interview. Analysis of their responses involved a synthesis of three different perspectives on the development of adult lifestyle choices: (a) the taxonomy of objectives in the affective domain, (b) role identification through symbolic interaction, and (c) Gates' Music Participation Theory. The surveys, and more especially the interviews, revealed that all the amateur singers who were studied share certain traits, some of which were evolving during the subjects' school years. These traits are: (a) insider language, (b) a sense of community, (c) recognition of and desire for effective teachers, (d) memory of a "peak" experience, and (e) increasing performance involvement in high school. The results were also sorted by sex, school size, and age, to see if those groupings caused differences in remembered experiences or in attitude. The recollections of these former public school music students, who are now actively making music as adults, can be instructive to music educators seeking to increase the likelihood of carryover among their students