Evaluation of two avian influenza type A rapid antigen tests under Indonesian field conditions

Abstract

The current study evaluated the test characteristics of 2 commercially available rapid antigen tests for highly pathogenic avian influenza. Diagnostic specimens were collected from free-ranging village chickens in Indonesia. A total of 174 healthy, sick, and dead birds were included in the study. The relative diagnostic test sensitivity and the relative diagnostic test specificity were calculated by using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) as the confirmatory diagnosis. The AnigenR Rapid AIV Ag test had a relative diagnostic sensitivity of 0.69 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.56-0.80) and a relative diagnostic specificity of 0.98 (95% CI: 0.93-0.99). The Flu Detect™ Antigen Capture test strip had a relative diagnostic sensitivity of 0.71 (95% CI: 0.58-0.82) and a relative diagnostic specificity of 0.98 (95% CI: 0.93-0.99). These tests are a valuable tool for the Indonesian avian influenza control program by reliably and quickly detecting Influenza A virus from oropharyngeal swabs from sick or dying chickens.