Propagation of Some Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in Turkey by Biotechnological Methods

Abstract

In this study, the reports covering the years 1984-2019 for propagation, reproduction, and breeding of Sideritis perfoliata L., S. stricta Boiss. & Heldr., S. erythrantha Boiss. & Heldr., Leucojum aestivum L., Borago officinalis L., Cuminum cyminum L., Lavandula angustifolia Mill., Rosa damascena Mill., R. canina L., Thymus longicaulis subsp. longicaulis C.pres l., Tussilago farfara L., Digitalis lanata Ehrh., D. lamarckii Ivan., Crocus sativus L., Capsicum annuum L., Origanum syriacum subsp. bevanii (Holmes) Greuter & Burdet, Ecballium elaterium (L.) A. Rich., Sinapis arvensis L., Papaver somniferum L., P. bracteatum Lindl., Capparis spinosa L., Coriandrum sativum L., Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) A. W. Hill., Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn., Ziziphus jujuba Mill., Peganum harmala L., Carthamus tinctorius L., Rumex acetosella L., Dianthus caryophyllus L., Ocimum basilicum L., Mentha spicata subsp. spicata L. taxa, used for medicinal purposes in Turkey with biotechnological methods, have been reviewed. Biotechnological methods such as in vitro organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis can be used in plants for a sufficient amount of production and desired yield in medicinal and aromatic plants. Moreover, various breeding practices can be carried out by using biotechnological methods. In addition to the traditional methods of propagation in medicinal and aromatic plants, the provision of mass and clonal propagation via in vitro propagation techniques has a significant potential.