Trace elements in different species of cetacean from Rio de Janeiro coast

Abstract

The present work tested whether ecological and biological parameters have an influence on the accumulation of trace elements (As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Se and Ag) by the liver of three cetaceans species: two species of coastal habit (Pontoporia blainvillei and Sotalia guianensis) and one of oceanic habit (Stenella frontalis), that were incidentally caught in fishing nets along the north of Rio de Janeiro coast. Inter-species difference was observed on the accumulation of Cd and Pb (5.12 ± 0.74 μg g-1 and 21.25 ± 1.35 μg g-1, respectively). However, the three cetacean species, S. guianensis, P. blainvillei and S. frontalis presented similar hepatic concentrations of As, Cu and Ag. No gender differences were found on the bioaccumulation of trace elements. Hepatic trace element accumulation was influenced by body length, according to the cetacean species. S. guianensis, which co-habits the same coastal marine environment that P. blainvillei species, presented a significant difference between hepatic selenium concentration (20.70 ± 32.22 μg g-1 and 3.24 ± 2.02 μg g-1, respectively). Based on these results, it is possible to conclude that, not only the different environmental conditions, but also total length and mainly the feeding habit influenced the accumulation of trace elements by the liver of these cetacean species. ©2009 Sociedade Brasileira de Química.