Contrast sensitivity assessment in different age group in medium and high spatial frequency

Abstract

To compare contrast sensitivity in different age groups: 20 to 25, 40 to 45 and above 60 years old. Methods: We performed a cross sectional study with individuals of different ages, with visual acuity better than 20/25, without eye disease and without prior eye surgery. Visual acuity was measured by Snellen test and contrast sensitivity was evaluated by OPTEC 3500P® equipment. Statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon test, considering a 95% confidence interval. Results: Compared to patients between 20 and 25 years old, patients between 40 and 45 years old did not presented decreased contrast sensitivity in any of evaluated frequencies. When compared to patients between 40 and 45 years old, patients over 60 years old presented decrease in contrast sensitivity at frequencies of 6,0 to 12,0 cpg in diurnal mode and 3,0 to 18,0 cpg in nocturnal mode. But when compared to patients between 20 and 25 years, patients older than 60 years old showed contrast sensitivity decreased in the frequencies of 3,0 to 18 cpg in diurnal mode and at all frequencies in nocturnal mode. Conclusion: Contrast sensitivity seems to decrease with age, after 45 years old, especially in middle and high spatial frequencies. This condition may affect reading, direction and mobility, as well as other daily activities.