Oxalate-rich foods

Abstract

The intake of large amounts of the antinutrient oxalate can induce hyperoxaluria, an important risk factor for the development of calcium oxalate stones. The soluble and total oxalate concentrations of plants of the Fabaceae, Convolvulaceae, and Malvaceae families were determined using an HPLC-enzyme-reactor method. Sweet potato is a species of the Convolvulaceae, Fabaceae includes beans, lentils, peas, licorice and blue fenugreek, whereas okra and cocoa are species of the Malvaceae family. Total oxalate content was highest in licorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra; 3569 mg/100 g), an important medicinal herb and sweetener in candies, blue fenugreek (Trigonella coerulea; 1246 mg/100 g) and white beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.; 548 mg/100 g), plants of the Fabaceae family. Total oxalate content amounted to 496 mg/100 g in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), 619 mg/100 g in cocoa powder (Theobroma cacao) and 317 mg/100 g in okra (Abdelmoschus esculentus), the most important agricultural crops of the Convolvulaceae and Malvaceae, respectively. The findings suggested that most foods of these plant families contain high to excessively high oxalate concentrations. The consumption of these oxalate-rich plants can negatively impact calcium oxalate stone formation.