The Impact of Cognitive Ability and Self-Control on Middle School Students’ Comprehensive Academic Performance—The Moderating Role of Learning Plan

Abstract

In the educational context, understanding factors affecting secondary school students’ academic performance is crucial. This study aimed to explore impacts of cognitive ability, self-control, and study plans and their interactions. Using data from 1477 students aged 15–18, the moderated mediation model was applied. Results verified a positive link between cognitive ability and performance, found self-control as a mediator, and revealed study plans’ moderating effect. In conclusion, these elements play key roles, providing a theoretical basis for educators to optimize strategies and promote students’ overall development.