An overview on Chronic Kidney Disease allied risk factors and complications

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease is a long term condition characterized by the gradual loss of kidney function at least a period of 3 months or more. About two-thirds of the cases are mainly caused due to HTN and DM. The symptom load plays a crucial role in the patient's disease experience and among the main signs of CKD are troubling physical and psychological symptoms. The evaluation of the symptom burden of CKD patients is of the utmost importance in clinical management. The risk factors include age, sex, race and ethnicity, family history, drug use, smoking, and socioeconomic status; and other comorbidities, such as hypertension and diabetes. Some risk factors can be modified and prevent or slow down the progression to ESRD. CKD progression is associated with serious complications such as cardiovascular risk, dyslipidemia, anemia, nutritional issues, and mineral and bone disorders.