Geoenvironmental study of alluvial aquifer in Upper Gangetic plain, a case study of J P Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract

Water quality is very important if we take into account the human paradigm in the environment. Groundwater constitutes the 30.1% of the freshwater reserves on earth. Gangetic plains in India have the highest density of groundwater extraction structures. 50 samples were taken in total from J P Nagar district of which there were 3 river water samples and 6 were groundwater samples falling just outside the district boundary. Using statistical and GIS analysis various indices were calculated. WQI or water quality index revealed a zone of high pollution across the district. Hydrochemical plots like Piper, Durov and Chaddha diagram brought out the information about the water type in the area. Mineralogy of the study area shows the dominance of feldspar minerals. Land cover change between 1998 and 2013 has been deciphered from supervised classification of Landsat data of USGS.