Spatiotemporal Pattern Distribution of Drought Area using MODIS Vegetation Health Index. Case Study: Paddy Field in East Java, Indonesia

Abstract

Drought is the main natural disasters in Indonesia. Study of spatial and temporal drought pattern distribution is great significance for disaster prevention and mitigation. Agricultural drought assessment was used to monitor agricultural sustainability, particularly in East Java as the national centre for agricultural production in Indonesia This study aimed to detect the spatial and temporal pattern of agricultural drought using Vegetation Health Index (VHI) and illustrated drought characteristics in East Java, Indonesia during 2017-2018. In this research, we use LST and EVI data from MODIS Terra satellite data. We used LST for calculating TCI, and EVI for calculating VCI. VHI were obtained by TCI and VCI score. The result showed that all drought-affected areas were experienced by moderate droughts. Bojonegoro, Magetan and Gresik district has the highest drought level compared to another district in East Java. Drought area increased significantly in September to October, which is dry season in Indonesia and cover 69.13% of agricultural area.