Design of routing protocol for enhancing quality of service in wireless ad hoc and sensor network: LEQA

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are now adopting mobile sensors due to their increased popularity in research and industry. To enhance WSNs' performance, mobility can be utilized to gather data. But, if the collector's route is fixed and movement is not manageable, current quality of service (QoS) strategies and protocols are ineffective in achieving timely data delivery while maintaining energy efficiency. In the real world, WSN networks use both actuator-actuator and sensor-actuator coordination. To conserve energy in communication tasks with heavy traffic and high volume, sensors/actuators can be relocated to desired locations. This study introduces a routing protocol that optimizes delivery latency and energy conservation in WSNs. The proposed latency, energy, and quality of service aware (LEQA) protocol uses a cooperative approach to track the sink and coordinate communication between sensors and actuators. Each sensor schedules its time division multiple access (TDMA) to improve QoS metrics such as low energy consumption, low latency, or packet loss. It also addresses sensor-actuator coordination and proposes a data communication protocol for efficient and fast communication with actuator nodes. This reduces energy consumption and minimizes latency.