Tissue engineered bone as an alternative for repairing bone defects

Abstract

Dentist especially oral surgeon, are frequently faced with defect in bone resulting from disease or trauma. If the defect is small, it will frequently has a good healing, however, if the defect is larger, incomplete regeneration often occurs and a fibrous scar results. Transplantation of autogenous bone has been one of the most frequent procedures of reconstructive oral and maxillofacial Background: surgery because it has shown excellent clinical success; however, autogenous bone grafting is often related to disadvantages like limited availability, and donor morbidity. The purpose of this review is to explain the basic principles of tissue engineering, background of regeneration process, also advantages and disadvantages of tissue engineered bone compared to autogenous bone graft. R eview: Purpose: Recently, tissue engineered bone provides a promising strategic innovation and becomes a new alternative for bone regeneration process. Tissue engineering is a term originally used to describe tissue produced in isolation and culture by cells seeded in various porous absorbable matrices. Tissue engineering generally combines three key elements (Tissue Engineering Triad) i.e: scaffolds (matrices), signaling molecules (growth factors), and cells (osteoblast, fibroblast, etc). Tissue engineering will Key words: facilitate initial bone healing in order to accomplish tissue regeneration process.