Basic foundations of aging

Abstract

Definitions of aging continue to evolve. This chapter considers aging a part of normal life processes which consists of the acquisition of knowledge and skills over time, the honing and maximizing of these traits and eventually the time period in which all body systems decline from maximal functioning capacity. It reviews normal aging processes in addition to factors which can affect life longevity such as genetic and environmental factors and the human response to environmental stressors. The chapter also presents a brief review of healthy aging and holistic measures. After reviewing the chapter, practitioners will be able to: define aging, longevity and life expectancy; recognize factors that may impact longevity; summarize major normal age-related physiological and psychosocial changes in humans; explain domains that may promote healthy aging; and discuss the importance of the Annual Wellness Visit in supporting healthy aging.