Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Musculoskeletal Disorder-Related Absenteeism Among Pediatric Healthcare Workers

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a leading cause of absenteeism among healthcare workers (HCWs), impacting healthcare delivery. Pediatric HCWs face specific physical demands such as lifting and awkward postures. While absenteeism rose during the COVID-19 pandemic, its effects on pediatric MSD-related leave remain unclear. This study examined MSD-related absenteeism trends among pediatric HCWs in a Romanian hospital across the pre-pandemic (2017–2019), pandemic (2020–2021), and post-pandemic (2022–2023) periods. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study using records from the hospital’s occupational health database. We included all HCWs who took MSD-related leave during 2017–2023. Diagnoses included arthropathies, dorsopathies, other osteoarticular/connective tissue disorders, and acute trauma or fractures. We used chi-square tests, ANOVA, and regression models to identify trends and predictors. Results: A total of 3388 cases were analyzed. Post-pandemic absenteeism increased significantly (40.1%), especially among women (86.8%), nurses (46.7%), and workers aged ≥46 (62.7%). A seasonal shift was observed, with spring peaks (March 9.7% and May 9.9%) replacing the pre-pandemic autumn peaks (October 11.9% and November 12.8%). The regression models identified age, occupation, and diagnosis type as significant predictors of leave duration. Conclusions: MSD-related absenteeism rose post-pandemic and showed altered seasonal patterns. Occupational and demographic predictors identified through a multivariate analysis highlight the need for anticipatory, evidence-based strategies to support pediatric HCWs, enhance workforce resilience, and sustain healthcare performance.