Management of elderly-onset epilepsy: A narrative review

Abstract

The prevalence of elderly-onset epilepsy is expected to increase as the world's population ages. The etiology of elderly-onset epilepsy is multifaceted, involving cerebrovascular diseases, neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, and unknown causes that account for approximately one-quarter of all cases. The diagnosis and management of elderly-onset epilepsy pose challenges due to the atypical clinical presentations and coexisting health conditions commonly observed in this population. The diagnostic process is further complicated by a broad range of differential diagnoses. Medical treatment must be modified to accommodate physiological changes commonly observed in this population, such as decreased drug metabolism. Despite these challenges, appropriate management can substantially improve the quality of life of affected individuals. In this article, we review key factors of elderly-onset epilepsy management.