Early detection of nephrotoxic effects in thalassemic patients receiving desferrioxamine therapy

Abstract

Nineteen transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia major patients were included in the study. Six of these patients underwent chelation therapy with desferrioxamine by subcutaneous infusion (50 mg/kg/12 hr) and 13 received intravenous infusion (50 mg/kg/6 hr or 100 mg/kg/24 hr). BUN, creatinine, creatinine clearance, β2-microglobulin, urinary β2-microglobulin and urinary growth hormone excretion were evaluated during desferrioxamine treatment. Thirteen out of nineteen patients presented tubular damage indicated by increased excretion of urinary β2-microglobulin. 85% (11 of 13) of these patients showed more serious tubular damage, as demonstrated by concurrent increased urinary growth hormone excretion. Moreover, a positive correlation between urinary growth hormone excretion and urinary β2- microglobulin was observed (P < 0.05).