Defining targets to improve care delivery for T4 larynx squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

Objective: United States oncology trends consistently demonstrate that nearly half of T4a larynx carcinoma patients are treated with larynx preservation, despite national guidelines favoring laryngectomy. This study identifies clinical decision-making drivers and defines patient subsets that should become targets for care improvement. Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients with cT4 squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx from US National Cancer Database 2005–2016. Demographic data and survival rates between clinical pathways were compared. Survival was estimated by Kaplan–Meier method with statistical comparisons assessed by log-rank test. Results: Of 11,556 patients with cT4 disease, laryngectomy (TL) was the initial treatment for 4627 (40%) patients. Larynx preservation via chemoradiation (CRT) occurred for 4307 patients. TL and CRT patients had similar Charlson–Deyo comorbidity indices and insurance status. TL patients had higher total tumor size, lower N3 rates and were more often seen at academic institutions (p