Clinical Characteristics Patients Pneumonia with Diabetes Mellitus at General Hospital Jakarta, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Respiratory diseases are currently a worldwide concern, especially in Indonesia due to the increasing mortality such as pneumonia. Pneumonia is an infectious disease of the respiratory tract of the lower part that has inflammation of the pulmonary parenchyma, distal from the terminalis bronchioles. Risk factors for pneumonia include comorbidities. Comorbidities are often found in pneumonia patients, one of which is diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and relationship of clinical characteristics of pneumonia patients with diabetes mellitus. This study was a retrospective observational cohort study on pneumonia patients with diabetes mellitus between June 2020 and June 2021 at a general hospital in Jakarta. Univariate and multivariate analyzes were performed to examine the relationship between the clinical characteristics of patients with diabetes mellitus. The results: This study obtained 66 patients. Clinical features of pneumonia patients with diabetes mellitus were characterized by cough and shortness of breath in 52 patients (78.79%) accompanied by fever in 35 patients (53.03%). The results of the chi-square test obtained P=0.002, based on the value obtained there was a significant relationship between the clinical characteristics of pneumonia patients with diabetes mellitus. The conclusion: There was a relationship between clinical characteristics of pneumonia patients with diabetes mellitus. Keywords: Pneumonia, Diabetes Mellitus, Comorbidities, Clinical Characteristics.