Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Lightweight Bio-Degradable Lignocellulosic Porous Molding Material

Abstract

Wood is an abundant biomaterial and widely used in construction and furniture. Timber processing produces large amounts of residues and byproducts, which are of low value. In this study, we proposed a new strategy for the recycle of wood residues to prepare a wood porous molding material. A hydrated thermochemical grinding process followed by high-temperature and high-pressure refining was developed to convert wood powder into high-viscosity suspension. Lignocellulosic raw materials, including pine wood, beech wood, and bamboo, were compared with different grinding time. A porous material without the addition of synthetic adhesive was obtained with a density in the range of 0.28–0.67 g/cm3. The porous molding material was characterized based on fiber morphology, volume, and porosity and mechanical performance. Pores of different sizes were distributed in the samples randomly after curing and drying. The wood’s own bindings were released through the hydrated thermochemical grinding process. The porous sample made from bamboo with a grinding time of 6 h showed a high Young’s modulus (681.1 MPa), compactness (166.8 N/Sec), and hardness (517.6 N). Woody materials were more readily made into moldings since most of the cellulose crystal structure remained intact. The wood porous moldings are fully composed of lignocellulosic components and easy to recycle. This porous green material has great potential to be applied to insulation, ceiling, cabinet, and packaging.