Metabolite fingerprintiing of eleutherine palmifolia (L.) merr. By hptlc-densitometry and its correlation with anticancer activities and in Vitro Toxicity

Abstract

Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr. (E. palmifolia or Dayak Onion) is an anticancer plant used for traditional medicines. The difference of cultivation sites may affect metabolites content, pharmacological activity and toxicity profiles. This study aimed to determine the metabolite fingerprinting, anticancer and toxicity profiles of E. palmifolia from several regions in Indonesia for authentication, efficacy, safety and quality control. Samples were obtained from six different locations in Indonesia which included West Java (WJ), Central Java (CJ), East Java (EJ), East Borneo (EB), Central Borneo (CB), and South Borneo (SB). Metabolite fingerprinting was determined by HPTLC-densitometry method and profile of anticancer and toxicity were analyzed by MTT-ELISA method. The difference among metabolite fingerprinting, anticancer, and toxicity profile was analyzed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Component Analysis (HCA), whereas the association among them was analyzed by Partial Least Square (PLS). The PCA results showed a difference in E. palmifolia metabolite fingerprints and the HCA results showed that six different regions were the same cluster. The PLS-DA analysis showed four significant metabolites proposed as anticancer markers with Rf 0.34, 0.59, 0.76, 0.93 and three significant metabolites proposed as negative markers with Rf 0.02, 0.44 and 0.59. E. palmifolia from East Java had the lowest IC50 (86.98±4.62μ g/mL) and higher SI value (5.5).