Perceptions of Risky Sexual Behavior among Female Students: A Qualitative Analysis of Contributing Factors, Consequences, and Prevention Strategies

Abstract

Background: Risky behaviors among young people are a significant concern for societies worldwide, leading to physical and psychosocial damage. Despite efforts to raise awareness about such risky behaviors over the past two decades, their prevalence continues to rise. Therefore, this study aimed to explain perceptions of the prevalence of risky sexual behaviors among female students. Methods: A qualitative descriptive study using a conventional content analysis approach was conducted from August to mid-September 2024 in Yasoj, Iran. The study participants were selected using purposive sampling. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews conducted with 18 female students. Data collection continued until saturation. This study used Graneheim & Lundman's method for data analysis. Results: The analysis of the interviews was categorized into three main categories and eight subcategories. Main categories include "factors related to high-risk sexual behaviors", "consequences of high-risk sexual behaviors", and "prevention methods of high-risk sexual behaviors". Conclusion: The results of this study explored the risk and protective factors associated with risky sexual behaviors in female students in Yasoj, Iran. The participants focused more on individual, family, and peer aspects and did not report factors related to schools and communities. Given that values, beliefs, and social norms significantly affect the development of sexual behaviors, it is recommended that more research be conducted on these factors.