Impact of azelnidipine treatment on left ventricular diastolic performance in patients with hypertension and mild diastolic dysfunction: Multi-center study with echocardiography

Abstract

We investigated the impact of lowering blood pressure (BP) with azelnidipine, a newly developed calcium channel blocker, generation on the left ventricular (LV) diastolic function and LV filling pressure by assessing non-invasive indices derived from echo Doppler study. This study evaluated 232 hypertensive patients with diastolic dysfunction. This study had two groups: (1) in which azelnidipine was administered to patients as a first-line therapy, and (2) in which amlodipine was converted to azelnidipine. Early diastolic mitral annulus velocity (e′, cm s-1), the ratio of peak E velocity to e′ velocity (E/e′ ratio) and level of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were measured before and, an average of, 8 months after azelnidipine treatment. In the first-line azelnidipine group, the systolic and diastolic BP reduced by 26 and 11 mm Hg, respectively. The e′ increased, and E/e′ ratio and BNP level decreased significantly. In the converted-from-amlodipine group, the systolic and diastolic BP decreased by 14 and 6 mm Hg, respectively. The e′ velocity increased, but the E/e′ ratio and BNP level did not change. In both groups, azelnidipine lowered BP and improved LV diastolic function (an increase in the e′ velocity). Possible reduction in LV filling pressure (a decrease in the E/e′ ratio and BNP level) is observed only in the first-line azelnidipine group.