Hematological, Biochemical and Histopathological Alterations in Common Carp during Acute Toxicity of Endosulfan

Abstract

The organochlorine pesticide endosulfan has been banned in many countries due to their dangerous effects on the health of many non-target organisms, but they are still used in agriculture to increase crops yield. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the sub-lethal concentration of endosulfan on hematology, histopathology and biochemical parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). A total of 30 common carp were selected and divided into five groups (E0, E1, E2, E3 & E4), each group contained six fishes. The common carp were exposed to sublethal concentration of endosulfan for 96 h at different concentration 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 ppb, respectively. The hematological results showed that platelets count, leukocytes, MCH and MCV was significantly increased (P < 0.05) during acute toxicity of endosulfan on the other hand erythrocytes, monocytes, hemoglobin, and MCHC values significantly decreased (P < 0.05) compared to control. The biochemicals results showed a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in total protein, urea, albumin and globulin levels as the concentration of endosulfan increased, while significant increased (P < 0.05) was recorded in glucose level. In the present research, the significant histopathological alteration was recorded in gills, liver, brain, and intestinal tissue of common carp, exposed to different concentration of endosulfan. The results concluded that endosulfan has a strong influence on hematological, biochemical and histopathological parameters of common carp during acute toxicity.