Factors Related to Dementia Among Elderly at Pagar Dewa Nursing Home in Bengkulu, Indonesia

Abstract

Dementia is a clinical syndrome that includes loss of intellectual function and memory that causes daily life dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to determine factors associated with dementia among the elderly at the Pagar Dewa Nursing Home in Bengkulu. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 60 elderly, who were selected by Total Sampling technique. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 50 elderly were recruited, and the data were collected from primary and secondary data. The result of this study showed there were 39 elderly (78%) with insufficient physical activity and 11 elderly (22%) with enough physical activity. There were 26 elderly (52%) with improper diet and 24 elderly (48%) with an appropriate diet. There were 20 elderly (40%) with poor resting habits and 30 elderly (60%) with adequate resting habits. There were 16 elderly (32%) had hypertension, two elderly (4%) had systolic hypertension, eight elderly (16%) had diastolic hypertension, and 24 elderly (48%) were not hypertensive. There were 36 elderly (72%) aged 60-74 years old, 13 elderly (26%), aged 75-90 years, and one elderly (2%), aged > 90 years. There were 29 elderly (58%) have dementia, and 21 elderly (42%) were not having dementia. There was a significant association between physical activity, diet, resting habits, hypertension, and age, with moderate to severe dementia. It is recommended to the nursing home to conduct a routine medical check-up and to conduct activities such as group activity therapy, exercise, and regulate the eating patterns and elderly resting habits.