Statistics of dark matter haloes expected from weak lensing surveys

Abstract

The distortion of the images of faint high-redshift galaxies can be used to probe the intervening mass distribution. This weak gravitational lensing effect has been used recently to study the (projected) mass distribution of several clusters at intermediate and high redshifts. In addition, the weak lensing effect can be employed to detect (dark) matter concentrations in the Universe, based on their mass properties alone. Thus it is feasible to obtain a mass-selected sample of 'clusters', and thereby probe the full range of their mass-to-light ratios. We study the expected number density of such haloes that can be detected in ongoing and future deep wide-field imaging surveys, using the number density of haloes as predicted by the Press-Schechter theory, and modelling their mass profile by the 'universal' density profile found by Navarro, Frenk & White. We find that in all cosmological models considered, the number density of haloes with a signal-to-noise ratio larger than 5 exceeds 10 per square degree. With the planned MEGACAM imaging survey of ∼25 deg2, it will be easily possible to distinguish between the most commonly discussed cosmological parameter sets.