Numerical simulation of multiphase flow and mixing behavior in an industrial single snorkel refining furnace: Effect of bubble expansion and snorkel immersion depth

Abstract

A coupled mathematical model is used to simulate the multiphase flow in an industrial Single Snorkel Refining Furnace (SSRF). Based on the present model, the evolution characteristics of bubble size, density, and velocity are analysed during the long-distance rising process. The comparative studies indicate that the expansion of bubbles has an enormous impact on the circulation rate and free surface in the vacuum chamber. Furthermore, the effect of snorkel immersion depth (SID) on the circulation rate, mixing time, and fluid flow are investigated. The results indicate that the circulation rate decreases with the increase of SID, while the mixing time shows an uptrend with the increase of SID. Particularly, when the SID exceeds 0.4 m, the scope of dead zone around the snorkel dramatically increases, which further decreases the flow velocity of slag layer in the ladle.