Accuracy of Cone-beam Computed Tomography and Extraoral Bitewings Compared to Intraoral Bitewings in Detection of Interproximal Caries

Abstract

Aim and objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and extraoral bitewings in the detection of interproximal caries compared to intraoral bitewings. Materials and methods: Seven preserved cadaver heads with 106 teeth (molars, premolars, and canines) including 183 proximal surfaces were used. Five radiographic modalities were studied: intraoral bitewings, extraoral bitewings, iCAT 3D, ProMax 3D high resolution, and ProMax 3D low resolution. Seven pediatric dental residents were recruited and calibrated as observers and asked to evaluate each proximal surface. Teeth were extracted, mounted, drilled, caries detection dye was applied, and the surfaces were examined under the light microscope. Interexaminer reliability, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve values were compared. Results: No significant differences were found in sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve values between the five radiographic modalities. Restorations may influence the accuracy of caries diagnosis. Conclusion: Cone-beam computed tomography radiographs and extraoral bitewings showed similar accuracies in detecting interproximal caries compared to intraoral bitewings. This suggests that with proper training and experience, CBCT and extraoral bitewings could be comparable to intraoral bitewings in detecting interproximal caries. Clinical significance: Cone-beam computed tomography and extraoral bitewings could potentially serve as alternatives to intraoral bitewings to diagnose proximal caries, especially when the CBCT study is needed for a specific diagnostic purpose.