Assessment of Terengganu Coastal Change

Abstract

Coastal erosion, accretion, and reclamation along Terengganu coastal line occur irregularly but it is noticed that their intensity increase during the past decade. The main objective of this study is to investigate the change in the coastal area for the period of 1989 to 2018. Dataset acquired from Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI have been used in this study. Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) is used to differentiate land and water body. The result of this study shows that erosion is the dominant process over Tok Jembal before the reclamation work for the extension of the airport runaway. The erosion occurs from 2006 through 2014 have eroded 0.0299 km2 of land especially at the north of the runaway. However, the reclamation project has injected 0.972 km2 new land. Overall the reclamation and accretion activities have contributed 1.337 km2 of land to this area for the 1989-2018 period. Meanwhile the result Teluk Lipat shows that the worst erosion event occurred between the 2004-2008 periods. In this period 0.092 km2 of land was eroded. Meanwhile, the highest accretion event occurs between 1988-1992. During this period, 0.299 km2 of accretion take place especially in the north part of the study area.