The Relationship Between Transformational Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Law Enforcement: An Islamic Leadership Perspective

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the correlation between transformational leadership and follower Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) within law enforcement agencies, particularly focusing on the Royal Malaysia Police. Using a quantitative approach, transformational leadership traits were assessed based on leader perceptions. The modified Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) 5x Short was utilized to measure four dimensions of transformational leadership: Idealized Influence, Inspirational Motivation, Intellectual Stimulation, and Individualized Consideration. Additionally, a modified OCB scale evaluated the relationship between these leadership traits and followers' organizational citizenship behaviors, specifically Altruism, Sportsmanship, and Courtesy. In alignment with Islamic leadership principles, transformational leadership is seen as a trust (amanah) that encourages moral excellence (ihsan) and mutual cooperation (ta'awun) within the organizational framework. The literature review examined both contemporary leadership theories and Islamic ethical perspectives, highlighting the intrinsic connection between ethical leadership and voluntary positive behavior. The findings suggest that transformational leadership positively influences follower OCB. The study provides valuable insights into how leadership that embodies both transformational and Islamic ethical principles can significantly shape follower behaviors in a law enforcement context. Future research is encouraged to deepen this integration to enhance organizational integrity and performance.