Longitudinal progression of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: A pilot study from India

Abstract

Introduction: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) vary across different types, stages and different time spans of dementia. BPSD form an important determinant in the effective management of dementia as they contribute significantly to the prognosis and outcome of dementia. Methods: Thirty-three individuals with dementia were assessed across three different time periods for changes in behavioral problems as noted on the BEHAV-AD. Of the 33 individuals, eight had received medications that primarily consisted of low-dose typical antipsychotics. Results: Although, it was noted that behavioral problems fluctuate over time; significant variations in intensity were noted only in delusions. BPSD variations were similar in both Alzheimer's and vascular dementia. Individuals on medications showed significant improvement in nearly all behavioral problems and a decrease in caregiver distress. Discussion: Behavioral symptoms vary across different time spans and follow a general pattern. Detailed analyses of these longitudinal variations in BPSD can be useful in planning cost-effective treatment strategies. © 2006 The Authors; Journal compilation © 2006 Japanese Psychogeriatric Society.