Quantitative Control of Residential Morphology for Wind-Heat–Related Health Risks in the Yangtze River Delta Region

Abstract

This study focuses on urban residential areas in the Yangtze River Delta and establishes a quantitative correlation model between wind-heat environments and health risks. By integrating the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) high-temperature health risk assessment framework, Air Quality Index (AQI)-based air quality risk evaluation, and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) wind environment simulations, the study quantifies and optimizes residential morphological parameters—particularly building height difference—to enhance ventilation efficiency, reduce pollutant accumulation, and mitigate health risks associated with extreme heat. The key findings include: Building height difference is significantly positively correlated with ventilation efficiency, making it a critical variable for microclimate improvement; High temperatures and air pollution exhibit a synergistic effect, necessitating the consideration of their nonlinear coupling in health risk models; A three-stage response pathway—“height difference–wind speed–health risk assessment”—enables the derivation of morphology control thresholds based on health risk indicators. This research provides a scientific basis for quantitatively setting building height difference indices in regulatory detailed planning and recommends incorporating height difference as a mandatory control parameter to reduce health-related risks.