The Use of Second Harmonic Generation to Image the Extracellular Matrix During Tumor Progression

Abstract

Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer mortality, resulting from changes in the tumor microenvironment which increases tumor cell migration, dispersal to distant organs, and subsequent survival. This is accompanied by changes in tumor collagen which may allow cells to travel more efficiently away from a primary tumor and invade the surrounding tissue. Second Harmonic generation (SHG) is an intrinsic optical signal that has expanded our understanding of collagen evolution throughout tumor progression. This article addresses current research into tumor progression using SHG, as well as the future prospects of using SHG to advance our understanding of the tumor microenvironment.