Social Interactions and Long-Term Relationships Among Canadian Parents With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Qualitative Study

Abstract

Background: Studies have shown that many high-functioning individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are interested in developing their social skills and relationships, but they tend to experience challenges in this area continuing into adulthood. There is very little literature addressing the type of relationships, especially long-term ones, among adults on the spectrum. This study was aimed at examining the interpersonal interactions of adults with ASD, who were also parents, from their own perspectives. Methods: We recruited and interviewed 10 Canadian parents with ASD to learn about their lived experiences. Semi-structured interviews were conducted using open-ended questions to identify factors related to the interpersonal interactions of adults with ASD. Interviews were then transcribed, coded, categorized, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: The most significant experiences of participants fit within three themes: (1) informal social interactions, (2) parent–child dynamics, and (3) long-term romantic relationships. Our findings indicate that adults with ASD find building and developing relationships meaningful. Conclusions: This study is one of the first studies that highlight the perspectives of individuals on the spectrum as parents in interpersonal interactions with their children and friends. Findings from this study provide a basis for future studies to better support adults with ASD in their relationships.