Seroconversion Toxoplasmosis as a predictor for gestational diabetes mellitus among pregnant ladies in Iraq

Abstract

Background. Toxoplasma gondii (T.g.) can reach many host organs including the pancreas and pancreatic tissue may be directly attacked and compromised by the organisms. Aim. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of toxoplasmosis infestation as a predictor of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among pregnant ladies in Thi-Qar, Southern Iraq. Methodology. A case-control study was conducted on 151 pregnant ladies classified (61) with GDM and (89) healthy pregnant ladies attending a tertiary Endocrine Center. All patient data were gathered from direct interviews and the digital records of the tertiary center, which used an internal network system and Microsoft Access program. Each pregnant woman was diagnosed with new GDM according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) definition criteria. Results. The mean ages of the whole participants were 28 ±6 years old and more than half of them were in the second decade of life, their mean weight was 75.38±13.29) kg and their body mass index was 29.82 ± 5.23 (Kg/m2). Family history of DM, history of toxoplasmosis infestation, and positive serological test of IgG for toxoplasmosis was significantly predominant among women with GDM rather than those without (p-value= 0.007, 0.002, 0.004 respectively). Conclusions. The second decade of age is the independent risk factor for developing new GDM, while toxoplasmosis infestation and positive IGG were additive-dependent risk factors for developing new GDM in collaboration with other patients' profiles. Pregnant women with GDM were significantly older, heavier in body weight, and obese than those without GDM making them at higher risk factors for getting hyperglycemia.