Long-term effects of a peer-led asthma self-management program on asthma outcomes in adolescent peer leaders

Abstract

Objective: To examine the long-term effects of a peer-led asthma self-management program on urban adolescent peer leaders with asthma. Methods: This longitudinal study includes 51 adolescents (16−20 years) enrolled in an asthma self-management program implemented at a one-day camp as peer leaders. Study outcomes, including quality of life, asthma control, asthma knowledge, and attitudes toward asthma were collected for 15 months post-intervention. Mixed-effects models were conducted to estimate time effects, and effect sizes were calculated for each model. Results: Of 51 enrolled, 41 completed the training, of which 35 successfully participated in the camp program. A total of 17 peer leaders withdrew between enrollment and 15-months follow-up. Quality of life, asthma control, and knowledge significantly improved after peer leader training and remained elevated for 15 months, while significant improvement in attitudes emerged immediately after camp, in which they served as leaders, and sustained for 15 months. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the long-term positive effects of a peer-led program on a wide range of asthma outcomes in urban adolescent peer leaders. Practice Implications: A peer-led approach to asthma education providing peer leaders with intense training and leadership experience can be effective and sustainable in improving asthma outcomes among urban adolescents.