Clearance of bone marrow mast cells after hypomethylating agent and venetoclax for systemic mastocytosis associated with myeloid neoplasia

Abstract

Systemic mastocytosis (SM) results from clonal proliferation of neoplastic mast cells that infiltrate bone marrow and other organs. A major subset of patients with SM has a clonally related myeloid neoplasm and the SM itself (SM-AMN). We evaluated the efficacy of hypomethylating agent and venetoclax (HMA-VEN) to target both the myeloid neoplasm and mast cell infiltrate in a patient with SM associated with acute myeloid leukemia arising from myelodysplastic syndrome and illustrate complete elimination of bone marrow mast cells and complete remission of MDS/AML. This case illustrates the potent activity of HMA-VEN both against the AMN as well as the associated SM.