Investigation of antibiotic susceptibility of the bacterial isolates and local flora changes after complex therapy in chronic periodontitis and periimplantitis

Abstract

The aim of the study was to test the antibiotic susceptibility of the subgingival biofilm (SGBF) isolates from chronic periodontitis (PD) and periimplantitis (PI) sites, and to investigate the changes of local flora after complex therapy including, amoxicillin-clavulanate (XL). SGBF from periodontal pocket (A sample) and around the dental implant (B sample) was collected before (t1) and after (t2) therapy. Gram smears and cultures on blood media were done. E-test was used for the antibiotic susceptibility testing. The smears indicated at t2 a significant decrease of polymorphonuclears number and microbial load with marked reduction of spirochetes and Gram-negative bacilli number. In A sample, P. intermedia and Capnocytophaga predominated at t1 and S. oralis at t2, while in B sample, Capnocytophaga predominated at t1 and S. mitis at t2. All except 2 isolates (not recovered at t2) were XL-susceptible. The clinical and microbiological findings showed local status improvement at t2. The antibiogram is helpful when antibiotics are needed in PD/PI therapy.